These kind of client-side searchable functionality is done only in JavaScript.

But even the initialization of the table content is 99% of the time JavaScript-based where the developer has to feed in the entire initial cell data to an array and pass that array into to a function after which the 3rd party script / library would render the table into HTML and display it dynamically. This is cool - can be easily done in React, Vue or AlpineJS.

But what if wanted the table HTML coded first for reasons like a designer's preference or SEO where the search engines can 'see' the table initially ? (Now-a-days Google already can 'see' a JavaScript rendered table though)

Imagine just injecting a script to an HTML page which already has a large table coded in using table, thead, tbody, tr, th and td that the JavaScript code can read through all the values and then decide which rows to hide/display based on the existence of the search term !

The search box :

<div class="d-flex">
  <input type="text" name="search" id="search" class="form-control" placeholder="type in a search term here"/>
  <!-- <button id="btn-search" class="btn btn-primary ms-1">Search</button> -->
</div>

The table :

<table id="tbl-products" class="table table-light table-striped table-hover table-bordered">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th scope="col" class="text-center">#</th>
      <th scope="col" class="text-center">Year</th>
      <th scope="col">Product</th>
      <th scope="col" class="text-center">Starting Price</th>            
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>            
    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">1</th>
        <td class="text-center">2022</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/13-inch-macbook-air-apple-m2-256gb/">
                13-INCH MACBOOK AIR M2 256GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹1,19,900</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">2</th>
        <td class="text-center">2022</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/13-inch-macbook-air-apple-m2-521gb/">
                13-INCH MACBOOK AIR M2 512GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹1,49,900</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">3</th>
        <td class="text-center">2021</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/macbook-pro-14-inch/">
                MACBOOK PRO (14-INCH) 512GB 16GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹1,94,900</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">4</th>
        <td class="text-center">2021</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/macbook-pro-16-512gb-32gb/">
                MACBOOK PRO (16-INCH) 512GB 32GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹2,39,900</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">5</th>
        <td class="text-center">2021</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/macbook-pro-16-1tb-32gb-2021/">
                MACBOOK PRO (16-INCH) 1TB 32GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹2,59,900</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">6</th>
        <td class="text-center">2020</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/macbook-pro-13-with-M1-chip-512gb/">
                MACBOOK PRO 13” WITH M1 CHIP 512GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹1,34,326</td>
    </tr>      

    <tr>
        <th scope="row" class="text-center">7</th>
        <td class="text-center">2020</td>
        <td>                        
            <a href="/mac/macbook-pro-13-with-m1-chip-256gb/">
                MACBOOK PRO 13” WITH M1 CHIP 256GB
            </a>
        </td>
        <td class="text-center">₹1,15,526</td>
    </tr>

  </tbody>
</table>

The JavaScript :

let trs;
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () =>
{
    let tbl_products = document.getElementById('tbl-products');
    let tbl_products_tbody_trs = tbl_products.querySelectorAll('tbody > tr');
    trs = [...tbl_products_tbody_trs];        

});      

document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () =>
{
    document.getElementById('search').addEventListener('input', (e) =>
    {
        let search = e.target.value;

        trs.forEach(tr =>
        {
            let found = false;

            [...tr.children].forEach(child =>
            {
                if (child.localName == 'th') return;
                let cell = child.innerHTML.trim();

                if (cell.toLowerCase().includes(search.toLowerCase()))
                {
                    found = true;
                    return;
                }
            });

            tr.style.display = found ? 'table-row' : 'none';

        });
    });
});

Demo : anjanesh.s3.amazonaws.com/search.html